Lack of sunlight in Winter months and not having enough sun exposure and having darker skin can affect absorption or having medical conditions that affect fat absorption can lead to vitamin D deficiency and taking a supplement daily can help.
Dr Rai said: “Most people will have enough calcium in their diet, however there are specific groups that may need to take calcium.
“Most people think that taking calcium will help their bones, but excess amounts can be linked to health conditions such as stomach pains, constipation, kidney stones and high calcium levels have been linked to heart disease and prostate cancer.”.
Dr Rai said: “Generally safe but high dose vitamin C can cause haemolysis in people with G6PD deficiency.
Dr Rai said: “Some people take multivitamins to fill nutritional gaps but there is limited evidence to support the benefits.
Certain vitamins cannot be taken in pregnancy - vitamin A can be dangerous, according to Dr Rai.
Dr Rai said: “Some studies have shown that deficiency has also been related to a poor immune system, some types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension.
Vitamin D toxicity can cause a build up of calcium in the blood and can lead to nausea, vomiting, frequent urination and kidney stones.”.
Deficiency of either B12 or folic acid can cause a type of anaemia
Dr Rai continued: “Folate deficiency can also cause soreness and ulcers in tongue and mouth, changes in skin, hair, and nails
Women who are planning to conceive should take 400mcg of folic acid every day before they are pregnant and until at least 12 weeks of pregnancy
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