The ongoing global semiconductor shortage means the difficulty of buying a PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, or high-end GPU from companies like Nvidia or AMD could go on for months — if not for the rest of 2021.

And it’s not just gaming gear: car companies like Ford and GM are having problems with their truck production, Apple supplier Foxconn is warning of part delays that could last until 2022, 5G rollouts are getting delayed, and Samsung is warning of a “serious imbalance” in the semiconductor industry.

But at the same time, the industry has become smaller over the past several decades, as many technology companies, and even chipmakers like AMD, have switched to a fabless model where they outsource the actual manufacturing to other companies (like Samsung or TSMC).